地区腐败、风险规避与创新冗余——兼对腐败“抑制论”和“促进论”的检验

Local Corruption,Risk Aversion and Innovation Redundancy:Responding to the “Grease and Sand” Debate

创新驱动发展是转变经济发展方式的根本途径，中国创新目前存在的问题已逐渐由规模约束转变为创新冗余。为此，文章在创新系统理论分析框架下，采用1998～2013年中国分省区面板数据，实证检验地区腐败的“促进论”和“抑制论”两种观点，并进一步解释地区腐败影响区域创新效率的主要作用机制。结果表明：中国区域创新效率平均约为0．401，创新投入转化为最终产品和技术的总体效果不佳；地区腐败对区域创新效率具有双重影响，既存在创新冗余效应，又存在一定的风险规避效应；地区腐败影响区域创新效率的途径来自多个方面，主要表现为降低市场参与创新活动的积极性。文章的研究结论对中国当前实施的反腐败行动和创新驱动发展战略具有一定的启示意义。

Innovation - driven development is the fundamental route of transforming economic growth mode. In fact, the major ob- stacle of China＇s innovation now is from scale constraints transfer toward innovation redundancy. According to the regional innova- tion system theory, using Chinese provincial panel data over year 1998 to 2013, we test the ＂grease and sand＂ debate of corrup- tion literature, and further discuss how corruption affects innovation efficiency in different respects. The results show that China＇s overall regional innovation efficiency is 0. 401, and its innovation performance of transforming inputs to technologies or terminal products is poor; the influences of corruption on innovation efficiency is twofold, and there is both innovation redundancy effect and risk averting effect; the mechanism how corruption affects innovation efficiency comes from many sources, and reducing market incentives to innovation investment is one of the major factors. The findings have meaningful policy implications for anti - corruption campaigns and the innovation -driven strategy.