动车组轴盘温度场及应力场数值模拟分析

Numerical Simulation Analysis on Temperature Field and Stress Field of Axle Plate of Multiple Units

以CRH2型动车组轴盘制动系统为雏形,基于摩擦功率法研究了轴盘热载荷计算方法及边界条件的确定。依据能量守恒法简化计算施加于制动盘体表面的热流密度,确定出列车紧急制动情况下平均强迫对流换热系数和平均自然对流换热系数的函数曲线关系。于ANSYS软件中模拟出CRH2型高速动车组紧急制动情况下轴盘制动盘的温度场分布和应力场大小。结果表明在制动过程中列车制动盘在开始制动瞬间表面温度迅速上升,当达到某一峰值后缓慢下降,直到制动停车。制动开始后盘体热应力急剧上升,然后随着速度逐渐降低得到缓解释放。

Taking CRH2 type axle brake system as prototype, the calculation method of thermal load on axle plate and the determination of boundary conditions were studied based on frictional power method. According to the energy conservation method, the heat flux density applied to the brake disc surface is simplified, and the function curve of average forced convection heat transfer coefficient and average natural convection heat transfer coefficient under train emergency braking condition is determined. In the ANSYS software, the temperature distribution and the stress field of the brake disc in the axle disc are simulated under the emergency braking condition of the CRH2 high speed motor car. The results show that during the braking process, the temperature of the surface of the train brake disk rises rapidly at the moment of starting braking. When reaching a certain peak, the temperature slowly drops until the brake is stopped. Brake thermal stress after the start of a sharp rise, and then gradually reduce the speed with ease release.