浑河及辽河沈阳段2001-2015年水污染变化特征及其对水体电导率的影响

Dynamic Changes of Water Pollution in Hun River and Liao River in Shenyang Section During 2001-2015 and its Impact on Electrical Conductivity

采用浑河和辽河沈阳段2001-2015年历史水质资料对沈阳市两大河系的水污染变化特征进行对比分析,并采用通径分析明确了不同水质指标对电导率的影响。结果表明:在非汛期、汛期和全年三个时间尺度下,辽河近15年间不同站点水质指标差异不大,而浑河在空间和时间变异性远大于辽河。两河系汛期水质均劣于非汛期,且辽河水质要明显优于浑河。趋势分析表明,非汛期浑河和辽河沈阳段各水质指标均有显著提升;而汛期浑河电导率、氯化物、溶解氧、氨氮、化学需氧量、高锰酸盐指数、生化需氧量、氟化物水质项目水质均有显著提升,但辽河大部分水质项目无显著变化。各水质项目指标对浑河电导率变化贡献率表现为:生化需氧量(41.8%)>氯化物(29.6%)>硫酸盐(19.8%)>高锰酸盐指数(-18.0%)>氨氮(11.3%)>氟化物(10.3%);对辽河沈阳段电导率变化贡献率为:氯化物(51.5%)>氨氮(36.3%)>化学需氧量(21.7%)。研究成果为后续沈阳市城乡水质监控技术体系的构建提供了初步的理论依据。

A comparative analysis of dynamic changes of water pollution was conducted in Hun River and Liao River in Shenyang section using hydrology and water quality data during 2001-2015. And path analysis was used to model the relationship between electrical conductivity and other water quality indices. Results indicte that the water quality indices did not spatially differ at the different time scales （ no-flood season, flood season, and annual） in Liao River in the past 15 years, while the temporal and spatial variability of Hun River was extensively lower than Liao River.The water quality was consistently higher in Liao River than Hun River and both were higher in flood seasons than in no -flood seasons. In the last 15 years, most water quality indices showed a significant increase in both rivers in no-flood seasons, while Liao River did not improve most of indices in the flood season despite increases observed in Hun River. The most amount of variance contribution to electrical conductivity was explained by BOD （41.8%） in Hun River, and followed by chloride （29.6%）, sulfate （19.8%）, permanganate （-18.0%）, ammonium nitrogen （11.3%）, and fluoride （10.3%）. For Liao River, chloride led the highest contribution （51.5%）, and followed by ammonium nitrogen （36.3%）, and COD （21.7%）. It was concluded that this study provided preliminary references for the construction of water quality monitoring technology system in Shenyang in China.