异硫氰酸酯在实验性帕金森病中神经保护作用的研究进展

Current Progress on The Neuroprotective Effects of Isothiocyanates in The Treatment for Experimental Parkinson's Disease

帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)是中老年人仅次于阿尔茨海默病的第二常见的神经系统变性疾病,起病隐袭,进展缓慢,与中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元的变性、丢失相关。目前神经元丢失的机制仍不清楚,错误蛋白折叠、氧化应激、兴奋毒性和炎症在PD病理中发挥重要作用。目前无有效的治疗方法。异硫氰酸酯因其具有通过调节Ⅰ相酶和Ⅱ相酶,进而参与解毒、抗炎和抗凋亡以及调控细胞周期的特性,引起研究者关注。同时其具有调控氧化应激和炎症发展的多个关键节点,近年科学家在PD的治疗中做出了有益的探索。笔者对异硫氰酸酯阻止和调控PD发生发展中的进展进行了综述。重点总结了莱菔硫烷,甘油三芥酸酯,苯乙基异硫氰酸酯和6-亚磺酰基-己基异硫氰酸酯在实验性PD中神经保护作用的应用研究进展。

Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is recognized as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by a slow and progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Despite intensive research, the mechanisms in- volved in neuronal loss are not completely understood yet; however, misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity and inflamma- tion play a pivotal role in the progression of the pathology. To date, no efficient therapy that arrest or slow down PD is available. Iso- thiocyanates （ITCs） have already shown interesting properties in detoxification, inflammation, apoptosis and cell cycle regulation through the induction of phase I and phase 1I enzyme. Moreover, [TCs may be able to modulate several key points in oxidative and inflammatory evolution. In this review, we describe ITCs as pleiotropic compounds capable of preventing and modulating the evolution of PD. In particular, we summarized the neuroprotective effects of sulforaphane （ SFN ）, erucin （ ER ） , phenethyl isothiocyanate （ PEITC ） and 6- （methylsulfinyl） hexyl isothiocyanate （ 6-MSITC ） in the treatment for experimental PD.