贵州宽阔水自然保护区野生动物红外相机调查初报

A preliminary report on wildlife camera-trapping monitoring in Kuankuoshui National Nature Reserve,Guizhou Province

为系统掌握宽阔水国家级自然保护区野生动物资源状况,采用公里网格布设红外相机,对宽阔水重点区域大中型兽类和地面活动鸟类进行调查。结果显示:(1)褐胸噪鹛(Garrulax maesi)、蓝歌鸲(Luscinia cyane)、灰翅鸫(Turdus boulboul)、红腿长吻松鼠(Dremomys pyrrhomerus)等4种为该保护区新纪录野生动物;(2)宽阔水拍摄率高的常见种类有红腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus pictus)(1.09)、灰胸竹鸡(Bambusicola thoracica)(0.44)、红腿长吻松鼠(Dremomys pyrrhomerus)(3.16)、野猪(Sus scrofa)(0.69)、小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)(0.49)等。这些常见物种在宽阔水呈现不同的日活动节律。野猪活动频率为早午主副峰型(08:00-09:00为小高峰,11:00-13:30为大高峰),小麂为晨昏型(09:30-11:30与17:00-19:00两个高峰),红腿长吻松鼠虽在早08:00-10:00稍显活跃,但整个日间节律高低峰并不明显;灰胸竹鸡日节律呈多高峰,而红腹锦鸡为早晚双峰型(10:00-11:00与16:00-17:00);(3)宽阔水监测区域内不同生境类型和海拔对物种拍摄率无显著差异。红外相机监测结果能够较为全面地反映出宽阔水保护区鸟兽多样性状况,有利于区域生物多样性编目、保护管理和重要物种生态学研究。

In order to systematically survey the wildlife resources in Kuankuoshui National Nature Reserve of Guizhou Province, infrared cameras were placed in the northern part of the nature reserve with systematic sampling grids （1km×1km）. Key results included： （ 1 ） Four species were recorded firstly which was very helpful to the local biological inventory, including Garrulax maesi, Luscinia cyane, Turdus boulboul, and Dremomys pyrrhomerus （ newly recorded in Kuankuoshui NR） . （2） The dominant species, with a high picture rate （PR）, included Chrysolophus pictus （PR： 1.09% ）, Bambusicola thoracica （0. 44）, Dremomys pyrrhomerus （ 3.16 ）, Sus scrofa （ 0. 69 ）, and Muntiacus reevesi （ 0. 49 ）. All of these species had different activity patterns. Sus scrofa showedone main peak at 11 ： 00 - 13 ： 30 and a secondary peak （08： 00-09： 00）. Muntiacus reevesi showed two activity peaks at09： 30-11：30 and 17： 00-19： 00. Dre- morays pyrrhomerus did not have obvious peaks but was more active from 08 ： 00 - 10 ： 00. Bambusicola thoracica had sev- eral activity peaks, and Chrysolophus pictus was very active at 10 ： 00 - 11 ： 00 and 16 ： 00 - 17 ： 00. （3） Neither vegetation type nor elevation showed a significant influence on PR in the monitoring area Through camera monitoring with system- atic sampling, the general situation of biodiversity of birds and mammals in this Nature Reserve has been reflected, which are benefits for local biological inventory, conservation policy-making, and the further ecological researches on species.