阿拉善地毯织造传统变迁研究

Research on Vicissitude of the Carpet Weaving Tradition in Alashan

本文立足"西北地毯文化圈"为背景,以技艺行为与场域变迁两种面向,追问阿拉善地毯织造传统的变迁动力,将"民间的坊"、"集结的厂"、"分散的纱"、"断流的人"四段时期进行对照,总结出技艺的承传是由生态、政治、经济、社会、文化交互作用决定的,织毯与用毯的民俗行为反映了人们生活世界的多种关系,国家、市场、社会与家庭是匠人命运及物的社会生命的塑造者,伴随多种力量的博弈,场域中的秩序与规则即是传统技艺存在与变异的动力机制。

Under the background of ＂ Northwestern carpet culture circle＂,this paper tries to explore the changing motivation of Alashan carpet weaving tradition from two aspects of skill behavior and field changes. It compares and analyzes the four periods of folk workshops,concentrated plants,decentralized production and lost craftsmen with the conclusion that the inheritance of skills is dependent on ecological,political,economic,social and cultural interactions; the folklore behavior of weaving and using carpet reflects various relations in people＇ s life; the state,markets,society and family decide craftsmen＇s fate and the social life of material things; and with the game of multiple forces,order and rules in the field are the driving forces for the existence and variation of traditional skills.