苑、宛的姓氏源流与历史地理考辨

The Research on the Roots and Historical Geography Examination of the Yuan, Wan's Surnames

苑、宛两姓作为读音相似的古老姓氏,从文献记载来看两者源流并不相同,从本义上来看苑义的"养禽兽之地"与宛义的"屈草自覆"有明显差别。另从《左传》的记载来看,苑、宛家族没有姓氏互替现象,同一人物也没有苑、宛两字互替现象,这都反映出其为两个不同的姓氏。通过历史地理的考辨,苑陵作为汉唐时的县名,其地大致在今新郑之北。而之所以会在文献中出现苑陵、宛陵和菀陵,则因为该地最初与苑氏有着深厚的历史联系,所以在地理志书中写作苑陵。但在东周时期,该地又与宛姓有着一定的关系,因此在文献中有时将苑陵写成宛陵,甚或中和为菀陵。苑、宛、菀三字的变化,实际上是苑陵历史变迁的具体反映,而新郑苑陵故城则可能为苑姓祖根地。南阳作为宛城,有着悠久的历史和长期的认知,但是南阳之宛,从来没有写作苑。其与苑姓的关系,有待进一步的研究和考证。

Yuan and Wan are two ancient surnames that are similar in pronunciation. From the literature, the sources of the them are very different. From the point of view, the ＂land of animals and animals＂ is also different from the ＂grass of grass＂. According to the record of ZuoZhuan, the family of Yuan and Wan didn＇t have the phenomenon of instead to each other, and the same people have not seen the phenomenon of interreplacement, which reflects two different surnames. Through historical geography examination, YuanLing was the county name of Han dynasty and Tang dynasty, its land roughly in the present XinZheng north. In the literature, YuanLing, Wan Ling and Wan Ling are present, because the land originally had a deep historical connection with Yuan, so YuanLing was written in the geography book. But in the eastern Zhou dynasty, the land also had a certain relationship with the surnames, so in the literature sometimes the YuanLing was written as a Wan Ling, or even as a Wan Ling. The change of Yuan, Wan and Wan is actually a reflection of the historical vicissitude of YuanLing. And the former city of XinZheng YuanLing may be the ancestral home of Yuan. As the city of Wan, NanYang has a long history, but the city of NanYang which named Wan has never to be writing as Yuan. The relationship of NanYang with Yuan has to be further studied and verified.