重庆市沙坪坝区40岁以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行特征及影响因素研究

Prevalence rate and its impact factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for residents aged above 40 years old in city of Shapingba,Chongqing

目的探讨重庆市沙坪坝区40岁以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患病率及影响因素，为科学防治COPD提供依据。方法共抽取重庆市沙坪坝区40岁以上居民1868人，进行问卷调查和肺功能检查。运用Logistic回归分析COPD的危险因素。结果重庆市沙坪坝区40岁以上人群COPD患病率8．45％，其中农村（10．75％）高于城市（7．12％）（χ^2=7．680，P〈0．05）；男性（13．18%）高于女性（5．010．4）（χ^2=39．931，P〈0．001），随着年龄增高COPD患病率不断增高（χ^2=49．483，P〈0．001）。Logistic回归分析发现农村居民（OR=1．254，95％CI：1．061～1．513）。男性（OR=2．121，95％CI：1．318～2．864），年龄为50～60岁（OR=1．223，95％CI：0．715～1．127）、60～70岁（OR=2．038，95％CI：1．212～2．894），70岁以上（OR=3．461，95％Cr：2．847～4．013），经常吸烟（OR=1．864，95％CI：1．346～2．317），经常接触烹饪油烟（OR=1．313，95％CI：1．024-1．686）是COPD的危险因素。结论重庆市沙坪坝区40岁以上人群COPD患病率为8．45％，COPD患病率形势较为严峻。COPD的发生受年龄、性别、生活习惯、生活环境等多种因素的影响，建议采取综合性的干预措施，进一步降低该地区的COPD发生。

Objective To know the prevalence rate and its impact factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） for residents aged above 40 years old in city of Shapingba, Chongqing, and provide evident for preventing COPD. Methods The total 1 868 residents were selected, and residents were investigated by questionnaire and pulmonary function tests. The risk factors were analyzed by Logistic progression analysis. Results The prevalence of COPD was 8.45%. The rural prevalence rate （10.75%） was higher than city （7.12%）, with a significant difference（ χ^2=7. 680, P 〈0.05）. The male prevalence rate （ 13.18 % ） was higher than female （5.01%）, with a significant difference （χ^2= 39.931, P 〈 0.001）.The prevalence rate was higher, with the age increasing （χ^2=49.483, P =0.001）. Logistic progression analysis showed that the rural, male, older age, people who often smoke, or contact cooking fume were the major risk factors of COPD. Conclusions The prevalence rate of COPD for residents aged above 4=0 years old was 8.45 %, in city of Shapingba, Chongqing. The impact factors of COPD include age, sex, living environment and habitats. To reduce the prevalence rate, comprehensive intervention measures should be taken.