农户生计资本与生计稳定性耦合协调分析——以广西金桥村移民安置区为例

Coupling Coordination Analysis of Capital and Livelihood Stability of Farmers——A Case Study of the Resettlement Area of Jinqiao Village in Guangxi

易地扶贫搬迁是实现精准扶贫和可持续生计的重大战略措施。选取广西环江县金桥村典型移民安置区，采用参与性农户评估方法，对生计资本和生计稳定性测算，分析在移民政策下，金桥村移民和原驻民两类农户生计资本、生计稳定性以及二者耦合协调等级的进行比较分析。结果显示，原驻民生计资本与生计稳定性高于移民，具体表现为原驻民自然资本、物质资本及人力资本较高，生计与收入多样性、土地利用效率较高，但自然资源依赖度高；移民得益于政府扶贫政策，与原驻民发展差距缩小，但收入依赖性较高。二者可持续生计的耦合协调度均为中级协调，表现为生计稳定性提升的速度低于生计资本增加的速度。最后，研究提出农户生计与乡村可持续发展相关建议。

The policy of poverty alleviation by relocating is an important strategic measure to reduce peasant household＇s poverty and maintain sustainable livelihood. Taking the typical resettlement area of Jinqiao Village in Huanjiang County of Guangxi as an example, this paper constructed the indicator system of livelihood capital and livelihood stability by using the method of Participatory Rural Appraisal（PRA）, and analyzed the livelihood of the two groups of migrant and former resident people and the different level of coupled coordination. The results show that the livelihood of the former residents has higher capital and livelihood stability than that of the immigrants. Specifically, the natural capital, physical capital and human capital of the former residents is higher. Their livelihood diversity, income diversity and land use efficiency is also higher, but so is the natural resource dependence; immigrants have the benefit from the immigration policy, whose life standard almost keep up with the original residents, however, their income dependence is higher. The coupling coordination between livelihood capital and stability are both mid-level coordination, which shows that the speed forward of livelihood stability is lower than that of livelihood capital. Finally, based on the actual situation and the research results of Jinqiao village, this paper puts forward some suggestions about the sustainable livelihood of rural households and the sustainable development of villages.