甘蔗分蘖发生及成茎的调控研究进展

Advances of regulation study on tillering formation and stem forming from available tillers in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)

甘蔗是以收获地上茎为主的重要糖料作物,蔗糖分储藏在蔗茎节间,而分蘖是甘蔗有效茎形成的关键,因此促进甘蔗分蘖成茎是提高甘蔗产量的最有效途径之一。目前,水稻分蘖机理的研究取得了突破性进展,甘蔗也具有禾本科植物特殊的分蘖特性,但相关研究相对滞后,尤其是分子调控机制。本文详细阐述了甘蔗分蘖的生物学特性及现实意义,从栽培技术与管理、环境条件、植物生长调节剂(植物激素)和遗传因素等方面阐述甘蔗分蘖发生及其生长发育的研究结果,为深入研究甘蔗分蘖调控的分子机理提供新视角,也为甘蔗高产栽培技术及分子辅助育种提供理论依据。

Sugarcane is an important sugar crop mainly harvested stems which be above the ground, and sugar is stored in the internode of cane stems. Tillering is the key to the formation of millable canes in sugarcane. Therefore, it is one of the most effective ways to improve sugarcane yield through promoting tillering and accelerating stems development from tillers. At present, research on tillering mechanism has made breakthrough progress in rice. Sugarcane is also of the tillering character because tiller is a special type of branches in poaceae, but the relative researches of sugarcane tillering lag behind, especially the molecular regulation mechanism. In this paper, we particularly described the biological character of tillering and its current significance, as well as, summarized the results of tillering formation and growth and development of available tillers involving the aspects of cultivation techniques and related management, environmental conditions, plant growth regulators（phytohormones） and genetic factors in sugarcane. This work not only provides a new perspective for insight into the tillering regulation molecular mechanism of sugarcane, but also provides a theoretical basis for the high-yield cultivation technologies and molecular-assisted breeding in sugarcane.