与改革开放同行的中国民法

Chinese Civil Law Accompanied by Reform and Opening

改革开放为我国民法的发展提供了巨大的空间。改革开放以来,我国颁布了《民法通则》《合同法》《物权法》《侵权责任法》《民法总则》以及《公司法》《破产法》《保险法》《票据法》《海商法》等重要民商事法律,民法上的主体制度、行为制度、权利保护制度也不断得以发展与完善。与此同时,我国的民法学研究在此四十年间呈现出了研究领域不断拓展与深化、从立法论到解释论的转变以及研究路径和方法不断多样化等特征。我国的民事立法积累了坚持以民商合一为基本理念、坚持从我国实际情况出发、充分借鉴比较法经验、实行民主立法、吸纳司法实践中有效做法等有益经验。在未来的民法发展中,科学地编纂民法典无疑是最为重要且紧迫的任务,民法学界应更为系统的进行比较法研究,立法机关、司法机关及民法学者应合力推进我国民法本土化与现代化的进程。

The reform and opening provides great space for the development of civil law in China.Since the reform and opening,China promulgated the＂General principles of Civil Law＂,＂Contract Law＂,＂Property law＂,＂Tort Liability Law＂,＂General Rules of Civil Law＂as well as＂Company Law＂,＂Bankruptcy Law＂,＂Insurance Law＂,＂Negotiable Instruments Law＂,＂Maritime Law＂and other important civil and commercial law.Subject system,behavior system and rights protection in civil law also gained their development and perfection.Meanwhile,in the past forty years,the study of civil law has shown its characteristics,such as continuous expansion and deepening of research field,transformation from legislative theory to interpretative theory,and continuous diversification of research approaches.Civil legislation has accumulated many useful experiences,such as adhering to the basic idea of civil and commercial integration,adhering to the actual situation of China,fully using the experience of comparative law,implementing democratic legislation,and absorbing effective practices in judicial practice.In the future development of civil law,scientific codification is undoubtedly the most important and urgent task.Scholars of civil law should research more systematically on comparative law.Legislature,judiciary authority and civil law scholars should push forward the modernization and localization process of civil law continuously.