小麦QTL富集区QC-4BS重要农艺性状基因的精细定位及Rht1基因的效应分析

Fine Mapping of Important Agronomic Traits of a QTL Cluster QC-4BS and Effect Analysis of Rht1 in Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

为了探明位于小麦4BS染色体上的一个QTL富集区QC-4BS重要农艺性状的遗传效应,对QC-4BS重要农艺性状基因进行了精细定位,并分析了位于QC-4BS内的Rht1基因对小麦株高(PH)、穗粒数(KNPS)、千粒重(TKW)、蛋白质含量(GPC)及容重(TW)等性状的遗传效应。结果表明,QC-4BS主要位于小麦4BS染色体的IWA1846至IWA4662标记区间,长度为11.9cM,对应的物理距离约为15.17 Mb,其中控制PH的QTL为Rht1基因,距离IWA1846标记约7.16 Mb;控制GPC和KNPS的位点接近IWA482标记;控制TW的位点接近基因Rht1。Rht1基因除了具有明显的降低小麦PH的效应外,也可影响小麦的某些产量及品质性状,具体表现为增加小麦KNPS,降低TKW、GPC及TW。

To fully understand the genetic effect of QC-4BS, a major QTL cluster on chromosome 4BS associated with important agronomic traits of wheat（Triticum aestivum L. ）, fine mapping of QC-4BS was conducted and the effect of dwarf gene Rhtl on wheat important traits including plant height （PH）, kernel number per spike（KNPS）, thousand kernel weight（TKW）, grain protein content（GPC）, and test weight（TW） were analysed. The results showed that QC-4BS was located at the marker interval of IWA1846-IWA4662 on chromosome 4BS with the genetic distance of 11.96 cM corresponding to the physical distance of 15.17 Mb. In QC-4BS, Rhtl is responsible for PH QTL and positioned a- bout 7.16 Mb from the marker IWA1846; GPC and KNPS loci are close to the marker IWA482; and TW locus is near toRhtl. The dwarf geneRhtl has significant effect on not only PH but also KNPS, TKW,GPC and TW. Rht1 could decrease the phenotypic value of PH,TKW,GPC and TW,but increase the value of KNPS in wheat.