如何在作业治疗中运用积极心理学的PERMA理论模型提升幸福感

How to Use PERMA Model of Positive Psychology in Occupational Therapy to Improve Well-being

本文对健康、幸福和作业治疗的理论及其相互关系进行探讨。活动和参与作为健康的重要组成部分,为人们追求幸福提供了平台,人与人之间才有机会建立联系,感受积极情绪,进入福流状态,追求人生的意义,实现个人理想并享受成功的喜悦,这些都是关于幸福和人类繁荣的PERMA理论。作业治疗通过日常生活活动帮助患者恢复健康,在设计活动中可以通过3C(choice、context和celebration)理论帮助患者体验积极的情绪、参与、关系、意义和成就感,患者出院后可以延续更多的健康和幸福。目前作业治疗仍过多地关注病残,而活动、参与和PERMA理论应该在我国得到更多的发展。

This article discussed about the theories on health, happiness and occupational therapy and explored their inter-rela-tionships. Activity and participation, as key components of health, provide platform for people to pursue happiness. Daily provides chance for people to establish relationship, perceive positive emotion, engage in flow, pursue meaning, actualize self and enjoy accom- plishment. These are the PERMA model on well-being and human flourishing. Occupational therapy （OT） emphasizes on the activi- ties of daily living to restore health. The use of 3C （choice, context, celebration） theories in designing activities could help patients experience positive emotion, engagement, relationship, meaning and sense of success. This could prepare patients to pursue further health and happiness even after discharge. The OT service in China's Mainland is still focus more on impairment. We hope more OT services on activity, participation and PERMA could be developed.