黄芩苷元对糖尿病合并脑小血管病认知障碍的影响

Effect of Baicalein on Cognitive Impairment in Diabetes Mellitus with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

目的:探讨黄芩苷元(Baicalein)对糖尿病(DM)合并脑小血管病(CSVD)的治疗意义,研究大脑慢性缺血缺氧引起认知障碍的发病机制。方法:将30只雄性SD大鼠根据随机数字表分为正常对照组、模型组和治疗组,每组各10只;建立DM合并CSVD模型。采用水迷宫对3组大鼠进行认知功能行为学评估评分;对3组大鼠的脑匀浆中的Ach、AchE水平进行检测,评估黄芩苷元治疗前后大鼠脑匀浆中神经递质Ach水平的变化。结果:DM合并CSVD大鼠模型的学习记忆功能自造模第7天起表现出受损,模型组大鼠在发病2周出现明显的认知下降。空间探索实验发现,模型组穿越平台次数显著少于正常对照组(P<0.05)。发病4周后,与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠的脑匀浆中Ach水平显著减少(P<0.05),而AchE水平明显上升(P<0.05);治疗组大鼠脑匀浆中Ach水平与模型组比较有显著上升(P<0.05)。发病4周后病理学HE染色脑部切片显示,正常对照组中皮质神经元细胞活跃,模型组大鼠脑组织海绵样变性、神经元细胞凋亡坏死及核固缩,治疗组中皮质神经元细胞破坏程度较模型组轻,脑组织得到相应保护。结论:黄芩苷元治疗DM合并CSVD的作用机理可能通过调节AchE水平发挥作用。

Objective： To observe whether baicalein have therapeutic value on diabetes mellitus （DM） with cerebral small vessel disease （CSVD） so as to explore the pathogenesis and therapy of the cognitive ability and behavioral function disorder caused by chronic cerebral ischemia and hypoxia. Methods： A total of thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group and treatment group, 10 rats in each group. After the stable models of DM with CSVD were established, cognitive func- tion scores of all rats were evaluated by Morris water maze test, and the levels of acetylcholine （Ach） and acetylcholinesterase （AchE） in brain were assessed to evaluate the protective effects of baicalein. Results： Morris water maze test showed that learning and memory function had been significantly impaired in rats of DM with CSVD since the 7th day of modeling. Spatial probe test founded that the times of crossing platform in the model group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group （P〈0.05）. Compared with the normal control group, the Ach level in the brain homogenate of the model group reduced significantly （P〈 0.05）, while the AchE level increased significantly （P〈 0.05）. Compared with the model group, the Ach level in the brain homogenate of the treatment group increased significantly （P〈0.05）. The HE staining sections illustrated a large number of active neurons were found in the control group, but loose spongiform degeneration of brain tissue, apoptosis and necrosis of neurons and karyopyknosis were de- tected in the model group. However, it showed that the learning and memory abilities in the treatment group had improved, while the brain tissue also had been protected. Conelusion： Baicalein has a protective effect on cognitive impairment in diabetes mellitus with cerebral small vessel disease, and it may be a new targeted therapy for this disease.