润滑油生物降解性评价方法综述

Overview about Evaluation Methods of Lubes Biodegradability

润滑油的生物降解性是指润滑油在微生物作用下最终降解成为二氧化碳和水的能力。评价润滑油生物降解性常用的方法有欧洲经济合作与发展组织(OECD)方法,国际标准化组织(ISO)方法,美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)方法和欧洲协调委员会(CEC)方法,不同的方法有不同的特点和适用范围。但这些方法均存在着试验周期长,成本较高,程序繁琐,再现性差和检测精度不高的弊端。针对这些问题,对常用的评价方法进行了改进,例如改进后的CEC方法的生物降解率误差在5.5%以内。同时还介绍了其它评价润滑油生物降解性的方法。评价润滑油的生物降解性时,要选用合适的评价方法。

The biodegradability of lubricant referred to the ability of the lubricants to eventually degrade to carbon dioxide and water under the action of microorganisms.Common methods for evaluating the biodegradability of lubricants were the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development （ OECD ） methods, the International Organization for Standardization （ISO） methods, the American Society for Testing and Materials （ASTM） methods and the Co-ordinating European Council （CEC） methods.The different methods had different characteristics and scope of application. However,these methods all had the drawbacks of long test period ,high cost, complicated procedures ,poor reproducibility and low detection accuracy.In response to these problems,the commonly used evaluation methods had been improved.For example, the modified CEC method had a biodegradation error of less than 5.5%. Other methods for evaluating the biodegradability of lubricants were also described.A suitable evaluation method should be chosen to eveluate the biodegradability of lubricants.