青少年足球运动员选材研究热点及其启示

Research Hotspots of Youth Soccer Players' Selection and Its Enlightenment

采用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法,对青少年足球运动员选材的研究热点进行了文献梳理,并将相关的数据和理论观点比对分析,旨在为我国青少年足球运动员的选材工作提供参考。研究发现:自然禀赋与专项练习是选材目标层面的研究热点;竞赛制度与相对年龄优势是选材制度层面的研究热点;技术能力、身体能力、心理发展与社会发展是选材内容层面的研究热点。研究的基本结论:选材需识别和遴选出具有足球运动天赋和潜能的运动员,天赋与科学练习两者缺一不可;需要进一步完善选材的年龄组设置,尽量避免遗漏;综合考量运动员的技术能力、身体能力、心理发展与社会发展能力,强化球员实战能力考核,提高比赛水平。研究建议:首先,加强科研介入、构建选材队伍,促进经验与科研的融合,提高选材的准确性;其次,建立足球人才库以及相应的追踪数据档案,为形成科学的选材指标体系和合理的选材测试方法提供依据。

Through the methods of literature reviews and logic analysis,this paper analyzes the hotspots of young soccer players＇ selection and aims to provide reference for the selection of young soccer players in China.The study shows that the natural endowment and deliberate practice are hotspots in terms of the selection target.The competition system and relative age advantage are hotspots in terms of the selection system. The technical ability,the physical ability,the psychological and social development are hotspots in terms of the selection content. The basic conclusions of the study are as follows： football players with talent and potential need to be identified and selected out; natural talent and deliberate training under scientific guidance are indispensable; settings of age group need to be further improved to avoid omission; the athletes＇ technical ability,physical ability,psychological and social development ability and ability in real comptitions should be taken into account to improve the performance of athletes in the game. Research recommendations are： first,strengthening research intervention and building a selection team to promote the integration of experience and scientific research and to improve the accuracy of selection; second,setting up a soccer talents＇ pool and correspondingly tracking data files to serve as the basis for forming a scientific selection index system and a reasonable selection method.