产酶芽胞杆菌的筛选及菌株HB13000的鉴定

Screening of Enzyme-Producting Bacilli and Identification of Strain HB13000

芽胞杆菌产酶种类多、生长速度快、抗逆性强,在堆肥过程中发挥着重要作用。本研究采用水解圈法研究了348株芽胞杆菌产酶特性,获得产纤维素酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶芽胞杆菌34株。其中,菌株HB13000相对酶活力较高,酶活Hc（水解圈直径/菌落直径）分别为：纤维素酶Hc=4.30,蛋白酶Hc=1.47,淀粉酶Hc=3.25,对纤维素、淀粉和蛋白质均表现出较强的降解活性。依据菌体形态、生理生化特征和16S rDNA系统发育分析,鉴定HB13000为Bacillus methylotrophicus（甲基营养型芽胞杆菌）。本研究为有机物降解与农业废弃物堆肥提供了新的菌种资源。

Bacilli plays an important role in the composting process because it can produce multiple enzymes,grow fast and have strong stress resistance. In this study, 34 strains of Bacillus with cellulase, protease and amylase were obtained from 348 strains of bacillus by hydrolysis-ring method. Among them, strain HB13000 showed higher relatively enzyme activity, the values of Hc（the diameter ratios of hydrolyzation circle and colony） were 4.30 for cellulase, 1.47 for protease and 3.25 for amylase, respectively, which expressed strong degradation activity of cellulose, starch and protein. According to the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and sequence analysis of 16 S rRNA gene, strain HB13000 was identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus. This study might provide a new species for organic matter degradation and agricultural waste compost.