西南喀斯特地区贫困成因及对策分析——以贵州为例

Analysis on Causes and Countermeasures of Poverty in Karst Region in Southwestern China:Taking Guizhou Province as an Example

西南喀斯特地区是全国最为贫穷的地区之一,是中国当前脱贫攻坚战的主战场。针对西南喀斯特地区的区位特点和地貌特点,选取喀斯特分布最为集中的贵州省为案例,从商业、农业、工业等方面对其贫困成因进行剖析。结合贵州的贫困治理实践,本文认为西南喀斯特地区解决贫困问题,可以走一条不同于东部,有别于西部的经济发展之路:通过改善交通条件破除区位封闭、偏远特征,促进区域商业发展;通过发展喀斯特特色农业,扭转不利于发展传统农业的生态劣势,激活区域特色农业生产优势,释放农业生产力;通过发展生态产品,立足生态优势和工业后发优势实现跨越式发展;通过发展生态旅游业,销售生态产品,在生态文明和制度文明的双重关怀下实现区域整体性脱贫目标。

The karst region in southwestern China is one of the poorest parts in China, and it is also the main battlefield in Chinese current accurate poverty alleviation. Because of the characteristics of the location and topographical features in karst region, the causes of poverty were analyzed in these aspects： commerce, agriculture, and industry, and Guizhou province is taken as an example. By regarding the practice of Guizhou＇ s poverty management, it can be discovered that there is a special way to solve the problem of poverty in the southwestern karst region. This way can be different from the eastern China and the western China. We can promote regional business development by improving traffic conditions which can change the closed, remote features in this region. By developing the characteristic agriculture in karst region, we can reverse the ecological disadvantage of traditional agriculture, activate the regional spacial agricultural production, and release agricultural productivity. Through the development of ecological products, we based on the ecological advantages and industrial development advantages to achieve leap -forward development. By developing ecological tourism and selling eco- logical products, we can achieve the goal of overall poverty alleviation under the dual care of ecological civilization and system civilization.