国家自然科学基金委员会兽医学科流感项目的资助分析

Analysis of influenza projects funded by veterinary discipline of national natural science foundation of China

本文对1995年～2017年间国家自然科学基金委员会(National Natural Science Foundation of China,NSFC)兽医学科资助流感病毒研究项目的相关情况进行分析。结果显示,兽医学科资助流感病毒研究经费总计8081万元,资助项目总数132项,其中面上项目59项、青年科学基金项目58项、地区科学基金项目2项、优秀青年科学基金项目2项、国家杰出青年科学基金项目2项、重点项目3项、重大项目1项、创新研究群体科学基金1项和专项基金项目4项。在该学科的8个分支领域中,兽医传染病领域的项目数和经费最多,分别占总数的78%和81.4%。项目研究内容涵盖了流感病毒遗传与变异、跨种传播机制、致病与免疫机理、重要蛋白的结构与功能以及病毒与宿主互作等。通过项目资助,打造了一支强有力的动物流感特别是禽流感病毒研究队伍,攻克了动物流感病毒研究领域诸多难题,大大提高了国际影响力,研究成果发表在Nature、Science、Lancet、PNAS等国际权威期刊,达到了项目资助的预期目的,并为该学科其他项目的资助提供了启示与借鉴作用。

This study aimed to analyze the influenza projects funded by Veterinary Discipline of National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） from 1995 to 2017. The results demonstrated that the total funding for influenza projects funded by the veterinary discipline was up to 88.01 million RMB. One hundred and thirty-two projects were funded, including 59 General Programs, 58 Yong Scientists Funds, 2 Funds for Less Developed Regions, 2 Excellent Young Scientists Funds, 2 National Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars, 3 Key Programs, 1 Major Research Plan, 1 Science Fund for Creative Research Groups and 4 Special Funds. Of the eight branch areas in the field of veterinary science, the largest number of projects and the most of funds were granted to the area of veterinary infectious disease, accounting for 78% and 81.4% of the total, respectively. The range of research of the projects covered the genetic variation, cross-species transmission mechanism, pathogenesis and immune mechanism, structure and function of key proteins of influenza virus, and the interaction between virus and host. Through the funding of these projects, a strong research team of animal influenza, especially avian influenza, has been created, overcoming many problems in the research field of animal influenza virus, greatly enhancing international influence, and publishing research findings in top international academic journals such as Nature, Science, Lancet, and PNAS. In brief, the implementation of these projects achieved the desired objectives and had important enlightenment and reference significance for other funds in the veterinary discipline.