全要素生产率与环境污染:基于省级面板数据的实证研究

The Total Factor Productivity and Environmental Pollution: Based on An Empirical Research of Provincial Panel Data

文章利用各省份的投入和产出数据，运用数据包络分析（DEA）方法测算各省份全要素生产率变化的Malmquist指数，再利用面板数据的分析方法，实证分析技术效率变化和技术进步变化对工业废气排放量和废水排放量的影响和差异性，以探析全要素生产率对环境污染的影响。研究发现：技术效率变化显著地降低了工业废气排放量，而技术进步变化可以显著地降低工业废水排放量，即全要素生产率的变化对工业废气排放量的作用是有限的，而对工业废水排放量的作用是有效的；技术效率变化和技术进步变化对工业废气排放量和废水排放量的影响存在显著的地区性差异。对西部地区工业废气排放量和废水排放量的改善是有效的，而对东部和中部地区工业废水排放量的降低也是有效的。

The paper uses data envelopment analysis method and the input and output data of each province to detect the changes in total factor productivity of Malmquist index. Based on panel data analysis, this paper tries to figure out how technical efficiency change and technology progress affects the quantity of industrial waste gas emissions and industrial effluents emissions, and to learn the influence of total factor productivity pollution to the environment. The study found that： first, the change of total factor productivity depends on the change of the technological progress, and has little effect on technical efficiency change; Second, the change of total factor productivity is limited, the function of industrial waste gas emissions are effective for the role of industrial waste water emissions; Third, the technical efficiency change and technological progress of industrial waste gas emissions and the impact of wastewater result in significant regional differences. The change of total factor productivity of the western region industrial emissions and the improvement of the wastewater are effective, and in the eastern and central parts of industrial wastewater emissions reduction is effective.