汉语习语构式的性质、类别、特征及相关问题研究

A Study on Chinese Idiom Constructions: Nature, Categories, Characteristics and Other Relevant Problems

汉语习语构式属于形义结合具有整体性、多用于日常交际、带有一定评价或倾向性立场的规约性构式。形式上可分为实体型和图式型,语义上可分为半透明型和不透明型,语用上可分为功能单一型和功能多样型。习语构式在日常话语中表现出一定的倾向性特征,如口语倾向和主观性特征、所在结构的两重性与习语构式用法的浮现性特征、透明度与整合度特征、经济性与非经济性特征。

The Chinese idiom construction is conventional constructions with form-meaning integrity which is used for daily communication and convey certain evaluative and affective stance. Syntactically they can be classified as substantive type and schematic type, semantically as semitransparent type and opaque type, and pragmatically as single or multiple functions. The typical features of idiom constructions are reflected in oral style and subjectivity, duality and emergence, transparency and integration, economy and non-economy.