普通话阴平单音节句语调实验研究——汉语声调和语调关系的再考察

An Experimental Study on the Intonation of 1st Tone Monosyllabic Sentences in Mandarin——With Further Study on the Relationship between Chinese Tone and Intonation

本文以阴平单音节句为研究对象,通过声学实验和感知实验考察陈述语调和疑问语调对声调的影响。共有8位普通话发音人和15位听辨人参加了实验,研究结果表明:(1)声调负载语调后,时长显著缩短——约为常态时的2/3;(2)相对于陈述语调及声调的音高常态,疑问语调的音阶增加须在4st以上或在斜率上高于11.2st/s;(3)阴平单音节句在斜率方面呈现出陈述-疑问语调的范畴化感知特性,这些发现对汉语语调教学具有实践意义和应用价值。

Based on the monosyllabic sentences with the first tone of Chinese, this paper studies the relationship of between tone and intonation by acoustic and perceptual experiments. Eight speakers and fifteen listeners have participated the experiments. The results show that： （1） After the superposition of tone and intonation, the length of syllable is significantly shortened-about 2/3 in the normal state. （2） Compared to the pitch of normal state of the statement intonation and tone, the increase of pitch of the interrogative intonation must be above 4st, or above the 11.2st/s in the slope. （3） In the slope dimension, categorical perception characteristics are found between statement and interrogative intonations. This is of practical significance and applied value to the teaching of Chinese intonation.