电针“足三里”穴对孕期及哺乳期尼古丁暴露新生鼠肺发育不良的影响

Effect of electroacupuncture at “Zusanli” points on perinatal nicotine exposure-induced lung dysplasia in newborn rats

目的观察电针"足三里"穴对孕期及哺乳期尼古丁暴露新生鼠肺功能、肺指数和肺组织形态学的影响。方法将20只成年SD雌鼠采用随机数字表法分为生理盐水组(S组)、生理盐水加电针"足三里"组(S+ST36组)、尼古丁组(N组)、尼古丁加电针"足三里"组(N+ST36组),采用皮下注射尼古丁注射液[1 mg/(kg·d),100μL]造模,从妊娠第6天至新生鼠出生后21 d,用动物肺功能分析系统检测各组新生鼠肺功能,根据肺组织重量和体重计算各组新生鼠肺指数,采用HE染色法观察各组新生鼠肺组织形态学变化。结果与S组比较,N组呼气峰值(PEF)、肺动脉顺应性(Cdyn)显著降低(P<0.05),气道阻力(RL)显著增高(P<0.05),肺指数显著降低(P<0.05);新生鼠肺组织中肺泡数明显减少,肺泡体积增大,部分肺泡壁破裂相互融合。与N组比较,N+ST36组PEF、Cydn显著升高(P<0.05),RL显著降低(P<0.05),肺指数显著升高(P<0.05);新生鼠肺组织中肺泡数量增多、肺泡面积减小和肺泡壁破裂融合情况减少。结论电针孕期和哺乳期尼古丁暴露大鼠"足三里"穴可能通过改善新生鼠肺功能、肺指数及肺组织形态学变化发挥对新生鼠肺发育的保护效应。

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at ＂Zusanli＂ points on lung function, lung index and lung morphology of neonatal rats exposed to nicotine during perinatal period. Methods Twenty adult female SD rats were divided into normal saline group （S group）, normal saline plus eleetroacupuneture at ＂Zusanli＂ group （S ＋ ST36 group）, nicotine group （N group） and nicotine plus electroacupuneture at ＂Zusanli＂ group （N ＋ ST36 group） by random number table. The model was established by subcutaneous injection of nicotine [1 mg/（kg.d）, 100 p^L] from gestational day 6 to postnatal day 21. The lung function of neonatal rats was detected by animal lung function analysis system. The lung index was calculated according to the weight and weight of lung tissue, and the morphological changes of lung tis- sue in newborn rats were observed by HE staining. Results Compared with group S, the PEF and Cydn in group N were significantly decreased （P 〈 0.05）, RL was significantly increased （P 〈 0.05） and lung index was significantly decreased （P 〈 0.05）. The numbers of alveoli in group N decreased obviously, and the volume of alveoli increased and part of alveolar wall ruptured and fused with each other. Compared with group N, PEF and Cydn in group N ＋ ST36 were sig- nificantly increased （P 〈 0.05）, RL was significantly decreased （P 〈 0.05） and lung index was significantly increased （P 〈 0.05）. The number of alveoli in group N ＋ ST36 increased, and the volume of alveoli decreased and the rupture and fu-sion of alveolar wall were improved. Conclusion Elec- troacupuncture at ＂Zusanli＂ points can protect lung development by improving lung function, lung mor- phology and lung index of newborn rats exposed to nicotine during perinatal period.