磁流变阻尼器参数对座椅悬架系统减振效果的影响

Influence of parameters of magnetorheological damper on vibration attenuation effect of seat suspension system

应用Bingham本构力学模型,得到了磁流变阻尼器(MRD)的结构尺寸参数(缸体内径、活塞直径、活塞杆直径、活塞有效长度)、线圈匝数和磁流变液表观黏度与输出阻尼力的关系,利用力学模型分析了MRD的6个参数对输出阻尼力和动态范围的影响;建立了基于MRD的半主动座椅悬架系统模型,以驾驶人加速度和座椅软垫动行程的均方根作为减振效果的评价指标,采用百分比斜率均方根评价MRD参数的影响程度;结合Bingham本构力学逆模型,分析了MRD的6个参数对减振效果的影响及MRD磨损对减振效果的影响。分析结果表明:活塞直径对驾驶人加速度和座椅软垫动行程的影响因子分别为4.83、5.46,缸体内径的影响因子分别为4.45、4.75,线圈匝数的影响因子分别为0.61、0.67,活塞杆直径的影响因子分别为0.53、0.59,活塞有效长度的影响因子分别为0.51与0.56,因此,活塞直径对减振效果的影响最大,其次为缸体内径,随后依次为线圈匝数、活塞杆直径与活塞有效长度,而磁流变液表观黏度对减振效果几乎没有影响;为了获得较好的减振效果,应使MRD的最大输出阻尼力与动态范围足够大。

The relationships among the output damping force and the structural dimension parameters （cylinder inner diameter, piston diameter, piston rod diameter, effective piston length）, coil turn, and apparent viscosity of magnetorheological fluid of magnetorheological damper （MRD） were obtained based on the Bingham constitutive mechanical model. The effects of the six parameters of MRD on the output damping force and the dynamic range were analyzed by using the obtained mechanical model. A semi-active seat suspension system model based on MRD was established, and the RMSs of driver acceleration and dynamic displacement of seat cushion were used as the evaluation indexes of vibration attenuation effect, and the RMS of percentage-based slope was put forward to evaluate the influence degrees of MRD parameters. The influences of the six parameters of MRD on the vibration attenuation effect were investigated, and the influence of MRD wear on the vibration attenuation effect was analyzed simultaneously by using the Bingham constitutive inverse mechanical model. Analysis result shows that the influence factors of piston diameter on the driver acceleration and the dynamic displacement of seat cushion are 4.83 and 5.46, respectively. The influence factors of cylinder inner diameter are 4.45 and 4.75, respectively. The influence factors of coil turn are 0.61 and 0.67, respectively. The influence factors of piston rod diameter are 0.53 and 0.59, respectively. The influence factors of effective piston length are 0. 51 and 0. 56, respectively. So piston diameter has the most important influence on the vibration attenuation effect, the second is cylinder inner diameter, and then followed by coil turn, piston rod diameter and effective piston length. However, the apparent viscosity of magnetorheological fluid has little influence on the vibration attenuation effect. Besides, in order to obtain a better vibration attenuation effect, the maximal output damping force and dynamic range of MRD should be larger enough. 1 tabs, 21 figs, 27 refs.