工艺参数对T2紫铜微齿轮挤压成形的影响

Influence of process parameters on T2 copper micro-gear extrusion forming

经过不同热处理工艺的T2紫铜圆柱坯料通过压缩试验测得材料常温下的流动应力应变曲线,利用DEFORM-3D软件对T2紫铜微型齿轮正挤压过程进行了数值模拟,分析了晶粒尺寸、摩擦因数、挤压速度、入模角和挤压比等工艺参数对凸模单位挤压力和材料等效应力应变分布的影响,研究讨论了各参数对微齿轮正挤压成形过程的影响规律。根据模拟结果选取了最优参数组合并在此参数组合下进行了微齿轮挤压模拟试验。结果显示：在该参数组合下（晶粒尺寸为50μm,摩擦因数为0,挤压速度为0.1 mm/s,入模角为30°,挤压比为2.25）凸模稳态挤压力小于其他各组,各特征点最大等效应变、等效应力均较小,材料流动均匀性更好,从而验证了之前模拟结果与分析的正确性。

A compression experiment with cylinder T2 copper blank after heating processing was carried out. The micro gear extrusion process was simulated by using DEFORM-3 D software based on the obtained flow stress-strain curves of T2 copper. The effects of grain size,friction coefficient,extrusion velocity,die angle and the extrusion ratio on extrusion unit pressure of the punch and the distribution of the equivalent stress-strain were analyzed and the influence of the parameters on the micro gear extrusion process was studied. A set of experiment under the optimal parameter combination based on the simulation results was carried. The results show that the steady extrusion pressure of the punch under the optimal parameter combination（ the grain size is 50 μm,the friction coefficient is 0,the extrusion speed is 0. 1 mm/s,the die angle is 30°,the extrusion ratio is 2. 25） is lower than other groups,and the maximum equivalent strain-stress of the characteristic points is lower and the material flow uniformity is better,therefore it confirmed the correctness of the simulation results and analysis.