雷米·关特的现象学劳动哲学——兼论雷米·关特对马克思劳动哲学的批评

Remy C.Kwant's Phenomenological Philosophy of Labor——On Response to Kwant's Criticism about Marx's Philosophy of Labor

雷米·关特为人们提供了一个现象学的劳动哲学理论,这一理论反对从一种严格的主客关系中寻找一种劳动的定义,而是通过"劳动处境"这样一个术语来理解劳动,将劳动解释为一种纳入特定社会环境中的状态,从而为劳动赋予了自由性和开放性。基于这样一种劳动观,关特在高度评价了马克思劳动哲学的历史意义的同时,又将马克思的劳动哲学作为基于劳动主体论而形成的最典型的"利益的意识形态"加以批评。在论述了关特的现象学的劳动哲学以及他对马克思劳动哲学的基本观点之后,澄清了关特对马克思劳动哲学的误解,并进而论述了马克思的劳动哲学以及关特的劳动哲学对当今中国的意义。

Remy C. Kwant created a theoretical system about labor in his book Philosophy of Labor. In this system, he illustrated the current situation of labor in modern society, explained the nature of labor on the basis of labor situation, and explained Marx＇s philosophy of labor. He appealed to a kind of philosophy of labor in which labor relieved itself from strict subjectivity or the ideology of interests and present itself as diversity and openness. Accordingly, he criticized Marx＇ s philosophy of labor. This paper argues the main idea of Kwant＇s philosophy of labor and makes a response to his criticism about Marx, and also discusses the significance of Kwant＇s and Marx＇s philosophy of labor for contemporary China.