乡缘与建党:中共创立时期的另一种图景

Bond of Provincial Fellows and Establishment of CPC:Another View of the Establishment Period of CPC

中国共产党在创立时期通过乡缘开展组织活动,也曾是其众多发展样态中的一种,显示了传统中国在其发展中的一种过渡。与中共建党相关的社团中有同乡聚集的状况,与中共创立直接相关的上海共产党小组中也有浙江、湖南籍成员居多的现象。近代上海湖南籍移民人口远少于苏、浙、粤、皖,但在中共创立期间,湘籍共产主义者人数与表现都较突出。出现这样状况的历史远因应归结为近代湖南军政人才的大量涌现,积极投身于社会政治运动;近因与当时发生的湖南驱张运动和中国青年赴法勤工俭学运动直接相关。这两场运动吸引了不少湖南知识分子和青年来到上海,他们中一些参加了上海的中共建党活动,由爱国主义者走向共产主义者。

In the establishing period of CPC, one of important CPC development modes was organizing activities by means of bond of provincial fellows, which showed a transition of traditional China in its development. Provincial fellows gathered in social organizations relevant to the establishment of CPC, and in the CPC Shanghai Group there were members from Zhejiang and Hunan. In modern Shanghai, the population of migrants from Hunan was smaller than that of migrants from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Anhui, while the number of the CPC members from Hunan was prominent and their performances were distinctive. The historical reasons for these phenomena were that the burgeoning emergence of military and political talents from Hunan and their devotion to social and political movements. Besides, the Movement of Ousting Warlord Zhang Jingyao and Chinese youth＇s work-study-in-France movement attracted many Hunan intellectuals and youth to Shanghai. Some of them participated in the establishment of CPC and then turned to Communists from patriots.