从哈尼梯田到伊富高梯田——多重遗产化进程中的稻作社区

From Hani Rice Fields to Ifugao Rice Fields:The Rice-Cultivating Communities in Multiple Heritagization Process

"一带一路"区域的文化遗产保护,除了国际合作与国家层面的施政善治外,关键要落实到一个个具体的社区,组成社区的相关个人和群体是遗产化运动的直接承担者。在既有的文化遗产保护框架中,已形成世界遗产、非物质文化遗产、农业文化遗产等不同层面和类别的体系;这些体系常常交叠于同一个社区。位于"一带一路"节点上的中国云南"红河哈尼梯田"和菲律宾"伊富高梯田"遗产地就是多重遗产体系交叠的典型案例。如何整合、对接不同文化遗产保护体系事关遗产地社区发展大计,推进以社区为基础的全方位文化遗产保护是未来发展的重要工作。

Except for international cooperation and national policies, the key problem arose from the safeguarding of cultural heritage in the One Belt and One Road areas is centered on communities＇ participation. The individuals and groups concerned,that make up the community,are the direct bearers in processes of the heritagization move- ment. In the existing international framework of cultural heritage protection,there are different levels and cate- gories, including intangible cultural heritage,world heritage, and agricultural heritage,which often overlap in the same community. The Yunnan Hani rice fields and the lfugao rice fields in Philippines are typical cases, amongst others. Integrating the safeguarding systems for different cultural heritage is related to heritage communities＇ de- velopment plan and promoting comprehensive safeguarding strategies for community-based cultural heritage is an important task to be accomplished in the future.