微波辐射对小鼠睾丸组织结构及功能的影响

Effects of microwave radiation on the structure of testicular and its function in mouse

为了探讨微波辐射对小鼠睾丸组织结构及功能的影响，本试验采用0mw／cm^2（对照组）、1mw／cm^2（低剂量组）、2mw／cm^2（高剂量组）3种辐射强度的微波（1800MHz）对青春期前雄性小鼠进行辐射处理，处理期自受胎开始至出生后30日龄，每组20只。采用透射电镜方法观察小鼠睾丸组织的改变，用免疫组化方法、Western—blot观察stAR蛋白的表达。采用RT—PCR方法和ELISA测定微波辐射后睾丸组织中stAR、SF-1、P450scc mRNA水平及血清睾酮含量。超微结构观察发现，辐射组的间质细胞线粒体水肿、脂滴明显增多、核周隙扩张，初级精母细胞内质网扩张、核膜间隙增宽。与对照组比较，辐射组血清睾酮含量和睾丸组织StRA、SF-1、P450scc mRNA、StAR蛋白表达量明显降低（P〈0．05）。结论：微波对小鼠睾丸组织存在明显损伤效应，微波辐射可影响睾丸间质细胞StRA、SF—1、P450scc mRNA、StAR蛋白表达而降低睾酮的合成，进而对对小鼠睾丸组织结构及功能造成影响。

The objective of the study was to explore the effect of microwave radiatlon on sexual function of male mice. 60 male mice were divided into 3 groups randomly,including control group and 2 different doses groups. The exposure groups were exposed to 1800MHz microwave（0 mw/cm^2,1 mw/cm^2,2 mw/cm^2）, The duration time of microwave radiation was from ingravidation to postnatal 30 days. The ultrastruc- tures of testis were observed by transmission electron microscope;the expressions of StAR protein in cell and tissue level was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western-blot,respectively;the ex- pressions of StRA,SF-1,P450scc mRNA were determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain. Reaction（QRT-PCR） and testosterone level in blood serum was measured by the ELISA. In exposure groups,leydig cells showed the edema of mitochondria,and the expansion in the endoplasmic reticulum with the increase of lipid drops. Primary spermatocytes showed the expansion of endoplasmic reticulum, and the dilatation of internuclear. Compared with the control,the testosterone level and the expres- sion of StRA protein and StRA,SF-I,P450scc mRNA were significantly decreased in two treated groups （p〈0.05）,respectively. These results suggested that microwave radiation damages the functions of mice testis via decreasing the expression of StRA protein,StRA,SF-1,P450scc mRNA,and reducing the testosterone synthesis.