轻小型无人机多光谱遥感技术应用进展

Advances in UAV-based Multispectral Remote Sensing Applications

随着光谱传感技术和图像处理与分析软件的日益成熟,无人机多光谱软硬件一体化程度和观测精度及易用性得到极大的发展。无人机多光谱遥感已在农业、林业、资源、生态、环境保护等领域应用日益广泛。本文概述了无人机飞行平台、多光谱传感器等硬件技术的发展,和无人机遥感影像的几何校正、辐射校正图像处理技术及数据处理流程,并对无人机多光谱遥感在植被长势监测、存在问题、精细分类与地物识别、病虫害监测、生物量和产量估算等方面的应用潜力和发展方向进行了系统分析和总结,以期为开展相关领域研究提供参考。建议各行业部门的专业人员与遥感、计算机科学等领域的专家密切合作,制订无人机多光谱遥感技术的相关标准和规范,共同推进并普及无人机多光谱遥感技术。

With the development of unmanned aerial vehicle（ UAV） platforms and multispectral sensors,the application of multispectral remote sensing in light and small UAVs is becoming more and more extensive. Unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing platforms equipped with different sensors have recently become an important approach for fast and non-destructive data acquisition and have the advantage of flexible and convenient operation,on-demand access to data and high spatial resolution. It has shown great potential in the fields of agriculture,forestry,ecology,environmental protection and so on. Firstly,this paper summarizes the main flight platform and the multispectral camera hardware technology. Secondly, the geometric and radiometric calibration of UAV multispectral image data processing technology are summarized. Thirdly, UAV multispectral remote sensing applications are systematically analyzed and summarized. Finally, some existing problems of the current UAV multispectral remote sensing system and the direction of development are proposed,in order to provide a reference to the related research. With the continuous progress of UAV based multispectral hardware technology,combined with the increasingly mature image processing and analysis software,the accuracy and ease of use of UAV multispectral remote sensing system will be improved. We suggest thatpractitioners from all sectors of the industry work closely with experts in remote sensing and computer science to develop and popularize multispectral remote sensing technology for unmanned aerial vehicles.