基于PCA-TOPSIS的自贸区开放水平测度研究

A research on the open level of foreign trade zone based on PCA-TOPSIS

中国设立自贸区是为进一步扩大对外开放、加快和世界接轨的需要,通过自贸区带来的红利倒逼改革,有利于促进国民经济增长、社会发展和产业结构转型升级,因此,自贸区开放水平成为学界研究热点。本文以天津、上海、福建和广东省四大自贸区为研究对象,从经济支撑、对外开放、对内发展、交通运输、科研教育和基础支撑6个维度构建了包含25个指标的自贸区开发水平评价指标体系,运用PCA-TOPSIS模型测算各贸易区对外开放的综合得分,根据得分高低进行排序及不同维度的分析,同时提出提高我国自贸区开放水平的政策建议。研究结果表明:四大自贸区中,广东的对外开放水平最高,上海第二,天津和福建分别排在三、四位。

The establishment of free trade zone（ FTZ） by China is to further expand the need for opening up to the outside world and to speed up its integration with the rest of the world. Thus,the dividends brought by FTZ will promote reform,and enhance the growth of the national economy,social development and industrial restructuring and upgrading. Therefore,the opening level of FTZ has become a hot research area. In this paper,such four FTZs as Tianjin,Shanghai,Fujian and Guangdong have been taken as the research object,and the FTZ opening level evaluation indicator system shall be established from such six dimensions as economic support,opening to the outside world,domestic development,traffic and transport,scientific research and education,and infrastructural support,includes 25 indicators. First,the comprehensive score for the opening up of each FTZ is calculated with the PCA-TOPSIS Model,and then such scores are ranked and analyzed accordingly,and some suggestions are made to improve the opening level of the FTZ in China. The analysis results show that in the four free trade zones,the ranking for the opening level of the FTZ is Guangdong,Shanghai,Tianjin and Fujian from highest to the lowest.