重载机车垂向振动特性分析

Analysis of vertical vibration characteristics of heavy haul locomotives

随着重载列车运行速度和轴重的增加,列车对轮轨激扰的敏感性增强,深入研究重载机车振动特性及频率分布规律对确保重载列车的安全运行具有重要意义。基于重载机车双机牵引万吨列车线路试验,获得重载机车轴箱、构架以及车体的垂向振动加速度,分析重载机车在实际运行中各关键部件振动加速度峰值、振动频率分布和振动传递规律。研究结果表明:轨枕间距引起的垂向振动在轮对、构架和车体振动中均有明显体现;从轮轴、构架到车体的传递过程中,高频振动衰减明显。

With the increase of running speed and axle load of heavy haul trains, the sensitivity of train to wheel-rail contact improves. Therefore, it is necessary to study the vibration characteristics and frequency domain of heavy haul locomotives, which contributes to improve the train running safety. Based on the field test of double- locomotives towing thousand tons train, the vertical vibration accelerations of axle box, bogie frame and car body are obtained, and the vertical acceleration peak value, frequency distribution and transmission regular pattern of the key parts of heavy haul locomotive in actual operation are analyzed. Test results indicate that the vertical vibration Caused by sleepers spacing has a significant effect on wheelset, frame and car body; the high frequency vibration attenuates obviously in the vibration transmission process from wheel shaft to bogie frame and car body.