台湾岛内客家二次移民的民间信仰

Folk Belief of Hakka Second Migrants in Taiwan Island

台湾是个移民社会,先民大都是明末、清初从福建、广东两地渡海来台,他们带着家乡的守护神随行庇佑,这些从原乡带来的神祇,在移民在地化后,在台湾纷纷建庙祭祀,成为台湾民间信仰的中心。而客家"岛内移民",从苗栗移民者,大都带着公馆五鹤山五谷爷;从新竹移民则带着新埔"义民爷"信仰,再到移居地建庙祭祀。透过五谷爷、义民爷信仰,移民至花莲、高雄的客家人,每年都回祖庙进香,回乡扫墓祭祖,召开宗亲会,充分显现客家族群怀念故土,饮水思源,重视宗亲,慎终追远的特质。

Taiwan, a migrant society, whose ancestor mainly came from Fujian, Guangdong with their guardian gods during the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. After they were localized, they began to build temples to worship the gods, which later became the center of fold belief of Taiwan. Among the Hakka migrants, those who came from Miaoli brought the god of Grandpa Wugu from the Wuhe Moutain ; those from Xinzhu brought the belief of Grandpa Yimin in Xinpu and built temples to worship in the local place. The Hakka people who migrated to Hualian and Gaoxiong with the belief of Grandpa Wugu and Grandpa Yimin, would went back hometown to offer incense to the ancestral temple, to sweep the tomb and worship their ancestor and to hold ancestral meetings. These practices manifest the characteristics of the Hakka ethnic group ： loving their home and never forgetting their origins, cherishing their clan relatives and honoring their ancestor.