教育供给侧改革视角下幼儿园办园路向研究

On the Running of Kindergarten from the Perspective of Education Supply-side Reform

由于公办园数量少、中高端民办园学费贵以及学位区域分布不均衡,导致幼儿园学位有效供给不足;因学前教育经费投入不足出现幼儿园物质环境亟待改善问题;忽略以儿童为本位开设幼儿园课程,使民办园和农村地区幼儿园课程小学化倾向严重;加上幼儿园教师流动性大、性别比例失调、部分幼师缺乏师德且专业能力欠缺,幼儿园师资供给质量也有待提升。由此看出,幼儿园办园的供给侧与需求侧已经失衡。有必要保障幼儿园学位按需分配;增加学前教育经费投入,完善幼儿园物质环境;以儿童为本位设置并实施幼儿园课程;提高幼儿园教师供给质量。以提升幼儿园办园水平,满足幼儿入园需求,此乃幼儿园办园的科学发展路向。

The study finds that ： the small number of public kindergartens, high tuition and imbalance of distribution of high and medium-end private kindergartens lead to an inadequate effective supply of kindergarten; The poor material environment of kindergartens resulting from insufficient financial input should be improved; the curriculum of kindergartens in private kindergartens and rural areas is not children-based and tend to become that of primary schools ; the teachers＇ supply should be guaranteed due to the high mobility, gender imbalance and low professional ability. It argues that the keys to the problem of the imbalance between the supply and demand for kindergartens are： more preschool educational finance should be invested; the material environment should be perfected; the curriculum should be children-oriented and the teachers＇ supply should be guaranteed. Only by these can the running be of high quality and meet the enrollment demand for kindergarten.