骶神经调节技术在排尿功能障碍治疗中的应用与进展

Application and progress of sacral neuromodulation in bladder dysfunction

骶神经调节(SNM)技术是一种通过人工植入的"起搏器"发出短脉冲刺激电流信号连续作用特定的骶神经,以调节膀胱、尿道括约肌及盆底等骶神经支配的下游效应器官的微创技术。SNM技术分体验阶段与长期刺激器植入阶段,疗效可靠,操作简便易学,在难治性膀胱功能障碍中有着广阔的应用前景。对于患者来说,SNM技术具有微创有效、疗效持久及耐受性佳等优点,深受顽固性排尿功能障碍患者的青睐。简述SNM技术的作用原理及优势,总结近年SNM技术在排尿功能障碍治疗领域的应用,分析其未来的发展方向及应用前景。

Sacral neuromodulation（ SNM） is one of minimally invasive techniques for regulating downstream target organs,such as bladder,urethral sphincter and pelvic floor muscle. Pulsatile stimulating is carried out on sacral nerve through a manually implanted ＂pacemaker＂in SNM. For surgeons,SNM technology is divided into two phases： the experience phase and the long-term stimulator implantation phase with the advantages of simple operation,easy learning and reliable effect,and has a broad promotional prospect for refractory bladder dysfunction. For patients,SNM technology has the advantages of safety and efficiency,little damage,good long-term tolerance,long effective duration,and has broad application prospects in the supplement and adjuvant therapy of refractory bladder dysfunction. This article introduces the principle and advantages of SNM,which focuses on the application in bladder dysfunction treatment,and analyzes the direction and the broad prospect of SNM.