论陶渊明的历史哲学

Tao Yuanming's Philosophy of History

总体上看,陶渊明历史哲学的观点主要体现于他的《命子》《读史述九章》《扇上画赞附尚长禽庆赞》等诗文中。在历史发展问题上,陶渊明认为人类的历史体现为来自远古的展开,是一个天运或天命的过程。同时,陶渊明认为历史是"道德"的呈现。对于历史人物的评价,陶渊明有自己的标准:在历史中能够表现"道德",即便是以微弱的作用表现"道德"的,都是应当认可的英雄;相反,如果没有"道德"的因素或者"道德"特征不明显的人,即使是气吞山河、胸纳九州、包藏四海,建立了惊天动地伟业的君王将相,也应当无视其存在。

Tao Yuanming＇s philosophy of history is mainly expressed the view that the human history was from ancient or traditional and this is a process of the fate. At the same time,Tao Yuanming believed that history is the essence of ＂Daode＂. For the evaluation of historical figures,Tao Yuanming has his own standard. Those who can express ＂Daode＂in history even in a weak performance of the role of ＂Daode＂,are all heraes thapt Tao Yuanming has approved. Instead,Yuanming ignores his existene. if there is no ＂Daode＂or ＂Daode＂features significant,even if he establishes a princely phase of the earth-shattering great cause.