东北地区2所空军青少年航空学校学员远视力定选与分流变化趋势及影响因素分析

Variations and influencing factors of distant vision of students in two Air Force youth aviation schools in Northeast China

目的分析东北地区空军青少年航空学校各年级组学员远视力变化趋势及其影响因素,为进一步做好青少年航校学员近视防控工作,制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法分别对东北地区2所青少年航校各年级组学员定选体检和2017年度分流体检的远视力进行统计学分析,并对视力影响因素进行问卷调查。结果高一组和高二组学员的定选远视力与分流体检时的远视力构成比差异无统计学意义(P≥0.05),高三组学员定选时远视力与分流体检时的远视力构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),各年级组学员的配对视力差值均有统计学意义(P<0.01),Logistic回归分析结果显示看书距离和是否经常食用蔬菜水果对视力变化影响较大。结论青少年航校学员进入高二下学期视力下降明显且波动幅度较大,应定期检测并提出具体可行的近视保护措施,最大限度地保留优质生源。

Objective To analyze the variation and influencing factors of distant vision of students during the recruitment selection and medical examination in two Air Force youth aviation schools in Northeast China in order to protect the youth aviation school students against myopia and to provide reference for interventions. Methods The distant vision of students of each grade in two schools in Northeast China was observed during the recruitment selection and during 2017 medical examination,and was statistically analyzed. The influencing factors of vision were investigated and analyzed.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the distant vision constituent ratio of students in Grade One and Grade Two during the recruitment selection and 2017 medical examination（ P≥0. 05）,but the difference was statistically significant in the distant vision constituent ratio of students in Grade Three during the recruitment selection and 2017 medical examination（ P 0. 01）. There was statistically significant difference in the paired variable differences of students in each grade（ P 0. 01）. The Logistic analysis result showed that reading distance and eating fruits and vegetables were the two important factors that influenced the visual acuity of the students. Conclustion The distant vision gets worse in the second semester of Grade Two,and the range of visual fluctuation is large. So regular examinations of visual acuity should be conducted and feasible measures of myopia protection should be taken to preserve hight-qnality sources of students.