逻辑何以解法律论证之困？

How Logic Overcomes the difficulties of Legal Argumentation?

尽管现代数理逻辑发展到相当精致的水平,但不能直接把现代数理逻辑当作"法律逻辑"从"自然推理系统"到"法律推理系统",这中间还需要克服诸多理论上的障碍。法律论证是一种独特的论证,这种论证的独特性在于它处理的并非关于"是什么"的问题,而处理"应当是"或"应当做"的问题。道义逻辑在很大程度上,也为法学概念、法律规范(体系性)结构与性质以及法律关系等等问题的"形式分析"和"元法学研究",提供一种新的逻辑手段和研究工具,使得"法律逻辑"在20世纪中叶之后逐渐成为一个相对独立的逻辑领域。法律实践(法律规范适用)的难题仍然需要逻辑学家建构出更为精致、实用的逻辑操作技术,使司法裁决真正受到法教义学和逻辑的双重检验。

Although modern mathematical logic has developed to a very sophisticated level,modern mathematical logic cannot be directly regarded as "legal logic".Many theoretical obstacles need to be overcome from "natural reasoning system" to "legal reasoning system".Legal argument is a unique argument whose uniqueness is that it deals not with the question of "what it is",but with the question of "what it should be" or "what should be done".To a large extent,the Deontic logic also provides new logical means and research tools for "formal analysis" and "legal research of meta-jurisprudence" of the concepts of jurisprudence,the structure and nature of legal norms(systematic),legal relations,and etc.,which makes "legal logic" gradually become a relatively independent logic field after the middle 20 th century.To solve the problem of legal practice(the application of legal norms) still requires logicians to construct more sophisticated and practical techniques of logical operation,so that the judicial decisions can be truly double-tested by both legal dogmatics and logic.