中国空气质量对公众健康的影响——基于与G20国家整体的比较

A Study on Ambient Air Quality's Effects on Public Health in China:Based on Comparative Analysis with G20

为了检验空气污染对于公众健康的影响程度及其影响机制,本文聚焦于2002—2012年期间G20国家环境空气质量对于公众健康的影响。首先,以人口平均预期寿命作为主要健康指标,衡量PM2.5浓度对人口平均预期寿命的影响程度,发现空气质量对人口平均预期寿命存在一定的负面影响;其次,为了深入探究空气质量对于公众健康水平的影响机制,将肺癌死亡率作为主要的健康指标,检验空气质量恶化对肺癌死亡率增加的促进作用,进而验证出空气质量通过增加肺癌死亡率的路径来减缓人口平均预期寿命的增长;最后,将中国从G20国家的样本中抽取出来做个案分析,并与G20整体的数据形成对比,观察其与G20国家整体变化趋势的匹配程度。

This paper focuses on the ambient air quality＇s impact on public health in G20 during2002—2012 to examine the effects of air pollution on public health and its mechanism. Firstly,take population life expectancy at birth as an indicator to measure public health,the correlation between PM2. 5 concentration and life expectancy,confirm the effects of ambient air quality on public health. Secondly,in order to delve into the influence mechanism between air quality and public health,namely how the air quality slow down the growth pace of life expectancy,this paper takes lung cancer mortality as the major indicator to judge how the air quality deterioration accelerate lung cancer mortality increasing,hence verify that air quality can slow down the growth pace of life expectancy by increasing lung cancer mortality. Finally,extract the sample of China from G20,as an independent case,and contrast with the data of the G20,to observe the fitness between the data of China and the overall trend of G20.