HL-2M装置常规偏滤器与雪花减偏滤器热工水力分析对比

Analysis and comparison of the thermal-hydraulic for standard divertor and snowflake-minus divertor of HL-2M tokamak

采用SOLPS程序模拟预测HL-2M装置常规和雪花减偏滤器靶板上的热通量。当流入边缘等离子体区域的热功率约为10MW时,利用CFX/ANSYS软件分析这两类偏滤器各结构、冷却水温度分布及形变和热应力分布情况。结果表明:等离子体总功率相同,雪花减偏滤器靶板上的最高温度比常规偏滤器低169℃;雪花减偏滤器结构所承受的最大热应力和形变比常规偏滤器低约3/7。不改变热负载剖面分布,按一定比例提升热流密度或延长放电时间,雪花减偏滤器体现出比常规偏滤器靶板温升低、冷却水温均衡等优点。因此,雪花减偏滤器能处理更多流进偏滤器区域的热能,有效地降低偏滤器工程设计要求。

The forecast heat flux on the target plates of the standard and the snowflake-minus divertors for HL-2M tokamak, has been simulated with the SOLPS code. Under the condition that the energy flowing into plasma is about 10MW, the temperature distributions of the structures and the cooling water, the deformations and thermal stress distributions of the structures are analyzed with CFX/ANSYS for the two configurations.. Simulation results indicate that, under the same power flowing into plasma edge region, the highest temperature of the target plate of the snowflake-minus divertor is 169~C lower than that of standard divertor plate. Meanwhile, compared to the standard divertor, the maximum thermal stress and the deformation of the snowflake-minus divertor decrease by a factor of 3/7. Increasing the heat flux in proportion or extending the discharging duration, keeping the distributions of the heat loads on the target plates invariant, temperature rise of the target plate is lower and the cooling water temperature is more balanced for the snowflake-minus divertor. These indicate that the snowflake-minus divertor configuration has a stronger ability to withstand the flowing thermal energy of the divertor region which reduces the requirements of the engineering design.