中国城市生态效率空间溢出的驱动机制:见贤思齐VS见劣自缓

Eco-efficiency Competition across Chinese Cities: Bottom up or Bottom down?

本文采用全国191个地级市的统计数据,探讨驱动中国城市生态效率空间溢出的模式及其影响。研究发现:见贤思齐和见劣自缓这两种邻近竞争模式均能驱动生态效率溢出,但影响范围、方向及幅度具有显著的差异。当邻近距离为150km时,见贤思齐产生的高位压力每增加1个单位,生态效率增长率会提高7.8%,而见劣自缓产生的低位吸力每增加1个单位,生态效率增长率会降低35.7%。这意味着全国城市主要受到邻近生态效率较低城市负向空间溢出的影响。本研究结果表明,如果能够将"生态效率"指标引入地方官员的考核指标,将能通过见贤思齐全面提升各城市环境和经济发展水平。

This paper investigates the strategic eco-efficiency competition among Chinese cities. In particular, how a city＇s eco-efficiency is affected by its neighboring cities. The empirical analysis covering 191 Chinese prefectures suggest that a city＇ s eco-efficiency is asymmetrically influenced by its neighbors of different distances. A city is pushed up to a higher level of eco-efficiency by the positive pressure from its neighbors whose eco-efficiency is higher than itself.. However, facing the negative pressure from its neighbors, a city＇ s eco-efficiency could be pulled down to a lower level. Within a distance of 150km, a 1 unit of increase in the positive pressure from its neighbors is associated with 7. 8% of increase in a city＇s eco-efficiency. In contrast, a 1 unit of increase in the negative pressure from its neighbors is related with 35.7% of decline in a city＇s eco-efficiency. These results imply that the race to bottom is the dominant power in the strategic eco-efficiency competition among Chinese cities.