4种园林树种林冠降水截留比较研究

Comparative Study on the Rainfull Canopy Interception of Four Landscaping Tree Species

[目的]了解不同园林树木林冠层对降雨的截留能力,为城市绿化选择树种提供帮助。[方法]本文利用森林水文学方法,对郑州植物园内4种代表性园林树种黑松、龙柏、红叶李、白蜡的冠外降雨量、冠内雨量与树干径流进行了观测。[结果]2017年5至7月份的冠外雨量为27.4 mm;黑松、龙柏、红叶李、白蜡四个树种的冠内雨量分别为21.88 mm、15.4mm、18.0 mm、18.68 mm;树冠截留量为5.52 mm、12.0 mm、9.4 mm、8.72 mm。[结论]4种树种的冠内雨量、树干径流量和树冠截留量都与降雨量相关,且树种之间存在较大差距;同一降雨条件下,黑松的林冠截留量最低,冠内雨量最高;龙柏的林冠截留量最高,冠内雨量最低;红叶李、白蜡的林冠截留量与冠内雨量居中;冠内雨量与冠外降雨量呈正相关。

[Objective] The study was to explore canopy interception of different trees for giving referenceto urban landscaping. [Method] The forest hydrological method were used to measure precipitation, throughfall,and stem flow of pine tree（Pinus thunbergii Parl.）, cypress（Sabina chinensis（L.） Ant. cv. Kaizuca）, plum tree（Prunus cerasifera Ehrhar f.）, and ash tree（Fraxinus chinensis Roxb.）. [Result] Precipitation in Zhengzhou zoo were 27.4 mm from May to July in 2017. Through fall of these four trees were 21.88 mm, 15.4 mm, 18.0 mm and 18.68 mm successively. And canopy interception of these four trees were 5.52 mm, 12.0 mm,9.4 mm,and 8.72 mm. [Conclusion] First, the penetration rainfall, and canopy interception of four tree species had a positive relationship with precipitation outside tree canopy, and these three indexes were different among trees.Second, within certain range of precipitation, the canopy interception of pine tree was minimum, with its penetration rainfall was maximum, but the cypress just was the reverse, the plum tree and the ash tree were placed in the middle. Third, the penetration rainfall inside tree crown had a positive relationship with the penetration rainfall outside.