齐口裂腹鱼骨胶原蛋白超声波辅助提取工艺及其特性研究

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction process and characteristics analysis of collagen from Schizothorax prenanti bone

为提高鱼骨胶原蛋白提取效率,在超声波辅助酸法的工艺条件下,采用单因素及正交试验研究齐口裂腹鱼骨胶原蛋白提取方法;采用SDS-PAGE电泳、紫外扫描、氨基酸分析、热变性温度测定分析分离纯化后的胶原蛋白。结果表明,超声波预处理显著提高了齐口裂腹鱼骨胶原蛋白提取得率,最优条件为:提取温度30~℃,液料比751(mL/g),超声波预处理时间20min,提取时间48h,该条件下胶原蛋白得率为6.91%,纯度为89.74%;SDS-PAGE结果显示,齐口裂腹鱼骨胶原蛋白由α1、α2和β链组成,属Ι型胶原蛋白的特征;紫外扫描结果显示,最大吸收峰的波长在220~232nm;齐口裂腹鱼骨胶原蛋白主要由甘氨酸组成,占总氨基酸含量的31.21%,热变性温度为31.4~℃。

The ultrasonic assisted acid extraction technology of collagen from Schizothorar prenanti bone was studied using univariate a nalysis and orthogona test to improve the extraction rate. The purified collagen was analyzed by the methods of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis , ultraviolet spectroscopy, amino acid and denaturation temperature analysis. The results showed that ultrasonic pretreatment increased the collagen extraction rate significantly. The optimal extracting conditions were as followed： extracting temperature 30 ℃, ratio of, liquid-solid 75 ： 1 （mL/g）, time for pre treating by the ultrasonic 20 min, and extracted time. In the conditions, the collagen extraction ratio was 6.91% and the purity reached 89.74%. In addition, SDS-PAGE results suggested that the collagen was comprised of α1 ,α2 and β chain, which might be classified as type 1 colla gen. Maximum UV absorption wavelength of collagen was between 220-232 nm. Schizothorar Drenanti bone collagen contained high percentages of Gly （31. 21% of total amino acid）, and its denaturation temperature was 31.4 ℃.