马来西亚沙巴州卡达山族仪式音乐中的女性角色

Female's Role in the Ritual Music of Kadazan People,Sabah,Malaysia

随着中国"一带一路"建设的推进,中马双方在政治、经济、文化等各个领域的友好交流合作日益密切。同时,两国的文化艺术交流不断加强和深入,多种族下的马来西亚音乐受到了我国广大音乐学者的关注。文章主要叙述笔者以一种异文化身份在马来西亚进行为期18天的田野调查中所了解到的卡达山族人民对仪式音乐的态度和看法。在这次田野调查中笔者通过走访沙巴大学、沙巴艺术学院等几所学校,对其音乐专业师生进行访谈,亲历Poihib庆典与Hunabot活动,并与当地民间艺人、女祭司及其亲友进行交流,从中了解到在当地仪式音乐中女性扮演核心角色,男性极少参与仪式,通常只会充当边缘人物。并且探析女性群体在仪式音乐中占据重要地位的历史文化内涵。最后,作为引玉之砖,浅述了关于卡达山族仪式音乐对我国传统音乐继承与发展的一些思考。

The author pays attention to Malaysian Kadazan people's concepts and attitudes towards their ritual music,which comes out of her 18-day fieldwork there as an outsider.Her investigation includes visit to University Malaysia Sabah and Sabah Art College with interviews of teachers and students,and her own experiences of the poihib ceremony and hunabot event with dialogues with some local folk artists,the female priest and her relatives and friends.What the author learnt about is the female's core role in ritual music and male's rare chances of participation as a peripheral figure.Also tackled is this historical/cultural connotations for women's importance in ritual music.Further thoughts are drawn as to what enlightenment the study of our own traditional music can draw from this ritual music as seen in Sabah.