萨哈(雅库特)共和国寒区渠道形变与土的物理力学性质监测与分析

Monitoring and analysis of channel deformation and soil physical and mechanical properties in cold region of Saha (Yakutsk) Republic

寒区土体渠道的研究对于灌溉系统具有重要的影响,也对国家农业经济的发展具有重大的意义。分别从宏观角度与微观角度对俄罗斯萨哈(雅库特)共和国典型寒区灌渠监测与分析,指出:(1)从热物理的角度,在灌溉渠道上发生了3个主要过程:热磨损、热剥蚀和热岩溶。其中热磨损和热剥蚀发生在渠道斜坡上,热岩溶发生在渠道底部。(2)基于分散土壤相干性的理论和实验研究,颗粒通过分子间作用力(范德华力)、水胶体、静电力和冰体胶结联结等结合。(3)抗剪强度会在不同含水率区间发生变化,根据实验数据证明,当含水率在20%~28%范围内,土颗粒之间的抗剪强度达到最大值。

The study of soil canal in cold region has an important influence on irrigation system.It is also of great significance to the development of the national agricultural economy.Monitoring and analysis of irrigation canals in typical cold regions of the Republic of Saha,Russia from the macro and micro angles respectively.It points out:(1)From the perspective of Thermo physics,there are 3 main processes in irrigation channels:thermal wear,thermal denudation and thermal karst.Thermal wear and thermal erosion occur on canal slopes,and thermal karst occurs at the bottom of canal;(2)Based on the theoretical and experimental studies on the coherence of dispersed soils,particles are combined by intermolecular forces(van der Waals force,hydrocolloid,electrostatic force and ice cementation);(3)The shear strength is changed in different water content intervals.According to the experimental data,when the water content is within 20% to 28%,the shear strength between the soil particles reaches the maximum value.