淋巴引流技术在乳腺癌相关上肢淋巴水肿患者中的应用

The application of lymphatic drainage technique in patients with lymphedema associated with breast cancer

目的探讨淋巴引流法对预防乳腺癌相关淋巴水肿的作用。方法2015年2月～2016年7月将符合纳入标准的89例患者随机分为实验组46例和对照组43例。实验组在乳腺癌术后常规护理方法的基础上采用淋巴引流技术，对照组采用乳腺癌术后常规护理方法。分别比较术后2周、4周患肢水肿等级、睡眠情况、肩关节功能障碍发生程度、患肢自感症状。结果两组患者术后2周患肢水肿等级、睡眠情况，以及术后4周患肢水肿等级、睡眠情况、肩关节功能障碍发生程度、患肢自感症状的比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。结论淋巴引流技术可有效减轻患肢淋巴水肿、促进睡眠、减少肩关节功能障碍和自感症状（上肢疼痛感、肿胀感、皮肤紧绷感），有助于预防乳腺癌术后上肢淋巴水肿。

Objective To understand the preventive effect of lymphatic drainage method on lymphedema in breast cancer. Methods A total of 96 patients who met the inclusion criteria from February 2015 to July 2016 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 48 cases of each group. On the basis of the routine nursing method after breast cancer surgery, the experimental group adopted the lymphatic drainage technique, and the control group adopted the conventional nursing method after breast cancer surgery. The level of edema, sleep, the occurrence of shoulder dysfunction, and the symptoms of limb self-induction were compared 2 weeks after surgery and 4 weeks after surgery. Results There were statistically significant differences in the level of edema and sleep in the two weeks after surgery （P〉0. 05 ） . There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the four weeks after the operation, including the level of edema, the incidence of sleep, the occurrence of the dysfunction of the shoulder joint, the pain of the upper limb, the swelling and the tension of the skin （ P〈0. 05 ） . Conclusions Lymphatic drainage technique can effectively reduce the lymphedema of the affected limb, promote sleep, reduce shoulder joint dysfunction and self-inducement symptoms （upper limb pain, swelling, skin tension）. It is helpful for the prevention of lymphedema after breast cancer.