三个野生郁金香的繁殖方法

Propagation Methods of Three Wild Tulips

以老鸦瓣、阿尔泰郁金香和准噶尔郁金香的种子、鳞茎、叶片及花茎为试材,研究我国野生郁金香的繁殖方法,以期为我国野生郁金香的利用提供参考依据。结果表明:种子繁殖是我国野生郁金香的主要繁殖方式,5℃低温能够促进老鸦瓣、阿尔泰郁金香和准噶尔郁金香种子的萌发,在培养皿试验中,萌发率分别达到75.6%、74.5%和70.1%;3种郁金香的种子播种在草炭土+细沙(2∶1)的基质中萌发率最高,分别为50.5%、57.6%和68.3%;老鸦瓣的鳞茎是进行组织培养较为理想的外植体,接种在MS+TDZ 2.0mg·L^(1)+NAA 0.5mg·L^(1)+BA 1.0mg·L^(1)培养基上时,诱导与分化率最高,分别为67.4%和72.4%;而阿尔泰郁金香和准噶尔郁金香的离体再生均很困难。

Seeds,bulbs,stems and leaves of Tulipa edulis,Tulipa altaica and Tulipa schrenkii were used as test materials and the propagation methods were studied to provide a reference for the utilization of wild tulip species native in China.The results showed that seed production was the main progenitive measure of wild tulips.The seed germination was promoted when cultivated in medium under 5 ℃ and the highest rates of seed germination were 75.6%,74.5% and 70.1% for T.edulis,T.altaicaand T.schrenkii,respectively.The best substrate was peat and fine sand（2∶1）and the germination rates of three wild tulips were 50.5%,57.6% and 68.3%.The best induction and regeneration medium for T.edulis bulb was MS＋TDZ 2.0 mg·L^（1）＋NAA 0.5 mg·L^（1）＋BA1.0 mg·L^（1） and the rate of induction and regeneration were 67.4%and 72.4%,respectively.For T.edulis,the bulbs were ideal explants compaired other organs,and for T.altaica and T.schrenkii,the propagation using tissue culture method were very difficult.