以“主动式健康”为导向的山地城市公共空间尺度和形态研究——以重庆市渝中区城市公园为例

Research on the Shape and Dimension of Active Health-oriented Public Space in Mountainous Cities and Towns:Take the City Parks in Yuzhong District of ChongQing as Example

在当代城市空间的研究中,以"主动式健康"为导向的空间研究是一个新颖,且具有意义的切入方向。在"健康"一词前加上"主动式"的定语修饰,是为了与传统以医疗建筑为主导的被动式健康空间相区分,倡导的是一种通过对人感知方式和行为习惯的研究,从规划和设计层面对城市空间进行干预从而提升市民对公共活动的参与意愿,以达到激发城市空间内公共活动的强度,实现主动式健康的目的。在以重庆为代表的山地城市空间中,由于地理环境在垂直向度上的特殊性,使得在山地城市中研究和实现"主动式健康"空间跟在平原城市相比具有较大差异。笔者通过重庆市区内主要城市公园的调查和研究,旨在找到在特定的山地环境中,最大限度激发公共活动参与性的城市公园尺度和形态模式,并提出了"卡路里/平方米"这一衡量空间能量消耗效率的评价单位。

The active health-oriented space research is a new and meaningful direction in the contemporary city space. The word ＂actitve＂ has differentiated the healthy space from the negative healthy space which represents the traditional hospital buildings. The active healthy space seeks to improve the public health by stimulating the will of people to participate in public activities based on the research in the human perception and behavior. In the mountainous space like the ChongQing city, the way to achieve active healthy space is quite different with the counterpart in flat cities. The author seeks to find the proper dimension and shape for the city parks which can maximize the public activities and propose the unit CALORY·m^2 to describe the efficiency of space in energy-consuming.