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无助溶剂水性聚氨酯的制备及相关性能研究

Preparation and Related Properties of Co-solvent Free Waterborne Polyurethane
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摘要 以2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为原料,制备了一种低熔点扩链剂(LMCE)。通过差示扫描量热和广角X射线衍射分析,研究了不同DMPA/BDO物质的量比对LMCE熔点和晶体结构的影响。以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和LMCE为硬段、分别以分子量为1 000、2 000和3 000的聚ε-己内酯二醇为软段,制备了一系列无助溶剂水性聚氨酯。通过粒径分析、差示扫描量热、动态力学分析和力学性能测试等,研究了所制备水性聚氨酯的结构与性能。结果表明:随着DMPA/BDO物质的量比的减小,LMCE的熔点逐渐降低,结晶度下降;随着软段分子量的增加,水性聚氨酯的乳液粒径先减小后增大,微相分离程度和软段结晶性提高;力学性能测试结果表明软段分子量的增加可以提高水性聚氨酯的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。 In this work, a low melting point chain extender (LMCE) was prepared by using 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) as raw materials. The effects of DMPA/BDO molar ratios on melting point and crystal structure of LMCE were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests. A series of co-solvent free waterborne polyurethanes (WPU) were prepared, in which isophorone diisocynate (IPDI), LMCE acted as hard segments and poly (ε- caprolactone) (PCL) with molecular weight of 1 000, 2 000, 3 000 acted as soft segments. The effects of soft segment molecular weight on the properties of WPU were characterized by FT IR, particle size analysis, DSC, DMA and tensile tests. The results showed that the decrease of DMPA/BDO molar ratio led to lower melting point and decreased crystallization degree of LMCE. With the increase of soft segment molecular weight, the particle size of emulsion decreased first and then increased to larger. And the increase of soft segment molecular weight led to better micro-phase separation and mechanical properties of WPU films.
作者 孙辉 陈大俊 SUN Hui, CHEN Dajun(State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, Chin)
出处 《化学世界》 CAS CSCD 2018年第2期74-79,共6页 Chemical World
关键词 水性聚氨酯 2 2-二羟甲基丙酸 1 4-丁二醇 低熔点扩链剂 无助溶剂 waterborne polyurethane dimethylol propionic acid 1,4-butanediol chain extender with lowmelting point co-solvent free
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