中共进军新疆新探——以苏联航空团与空运入疆为视角

A New Study on the CPC's March to Xinjiang:From the Perspective of the Soviet Aviation Regiment and the Airlift to Xinjiang

据近年解密的苏联档案和相关人士的回忆透露,1949年6月至7月间,苏联曾经数次劝说中共及早解放新疆,斯大林更主动提出以空军助战,促成中共作出进军新疆的决策,苏联随后派遣航空团空运解放军一部进入新疆。然而,鲜有学者注意到斯大林最初提出的助战构想其实并非最终实行的空运方案。同时,有证据表明,历来众说纷纭的苏联航空团之身份实为苏联空军,但在当时却冒用苏联民航的名义活动。如此种种不同寻常的迹象显示,中共与苏联对于空运入疆一事,实际上存在过不同判断。空运方案由酝酿到落实,其中经历了一番鲜为人知的波折。

According to recently released Soviet archives that are related to the people＇ s memories, on several oc- casions in June and July 1949, the Soviet Union persuaded the CPC to liberate Xinjiang as quickly as possible. Stalin even offered to send in the air force to help the CPC make a decision to advance to Xinjiang. The Soviet U- nion subsequently dispatched an aviation regiment to airlift a PLA unit to Xinjiang. However, few scholars have noticed that Stalin＇ s initial proposal to offer aid did not involve the final airlift. In the meantime, there is evi- dence that the Soviet aviation regiment, which always held different opinions, was actually the Soviet air force, and at that time it was involved in the notorious Soviet civil aviation activities. Such unusual events reveal that with respect to the airlift to Xinjiang, the CPC and the Soviet Union actually held different opinions. The airlift plan, from its initial design to its final implementation, experienced a number of little-known twists and turns.